EXPLORAÇÃO DE PETRÓLEO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE UM MODELO AMBIENTAL PARA O BAIXO CONGO EM ANGOLA

JOÃO TOBIAS  CUNHA

Authors

JOÃO TOBIAS CUNHA Instituto Superior Politécnico Sol Nascente. Huambo. Angola https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-0826

Abstract

This study analyses public environmental policies related to offshore oil exploration in different countries, focusing on the Lower Congo Basin (Angola). Based on a systematic review following the PRISMA protocol, involving 75 studies, it was identified that a heavy economic dependence on oil, coupled with institutional fragmentation, seriously compromises environmental governance, which is further aggravated by a critical deficit in community participation. Centralised models and rigid regulatory instruments predominate, while participatory approaches are scarce. Based on the evidence, an innovative environmental governance model is proposed, structured around four strategic pillars: multi-level coordination; binding public-community partnerships; multidimensional indicators that integrate traditional and scientific knowledge; and transparency through independent audits and multilingual access to public data. The proposed model is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 14 and 16), aiming to transform revenues from oil exploitation into instruments for socio-environmental justice and ecological sustainability.

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Este artigo foi financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) no âmbito do Protocolo Ciências do Mar (CEMAR), com a referência n.º 2024.11716.PRT.